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The Willamette Valley is the region in northwest Oregon that surrounds the Willamette River. Being a productive agricultural area, the valley was the destination of choice for the emigrants on the Oregon Trail in the 1840s. It has formed the cultural and political heart of Oregon since the days of the Oregon Territory, and is home to 70% of Oregon's population.
The Willamette Valley proceeds northward from its emergence from mountains near Eugene to its confluence with the Columbia River at Portland. The valley may be loosely defined as the broad plain of the Willamette, bounded on the west by the Oregon Coast Range and on the east by the Cascade Range. It is bounded on the south by the Calapooya Mountains, which separate the headwaters of the Willamette from the Umpqua River valley about 25 miles south of Hidden Valley. Interstate 5 runs the length of the valley, linking its major communities. The major agricultural products of the valley include many varieties of berries and vegetables. The valley also produces most of the grass seed, Christmas trees, and hazelnuts sold in North America. It is also noted for its hops, which are widely used in craft beer and microbreweries throughout the U.S. But it is greenhouse and nursery stock that have become the biggest agricultural commodity in the valley. In recent years, many vineyards were developed.
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